ARK.] CONSOLIDATED CHEM. IND., INC. V. WHITE. 177 CONSOLIDATED CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, INC. V. WHITE. 5-1122 297 S. W. 2d 101 Opinion delivered January 7, 1957. 1. LIMITATION OF ACTIONS — INJURIES TO ADJOINING LANDOWNERS — ACCRUAL OF RIGHT OF ACTION.—Where the construction of a stockpile of waste material from a strip mining operation is not necessarily injurious to an adjoining landowner, but becomes so because of the washing of the material on to the adjoining property, the statute of limitations does not commence to run until the happening of the injury complained of. 2. DAMAGES —REAL PROPERTY—EXCESSIVE OR INADEQUATE DAMAGES.— Testimony of real estate agent held sufficient to sustain jury ver-' dict in favor of appellees [brothers] in the amounts of $650 and $275 for injury to their lands. Appeal from Pulaski Circuit Court, Second Division; Guy Amster, Judge; affirmed. Wright, Harrison, Lindsey & Upton, for appellant. Fred A. Newth, Jr., and Kenneth C. Coffelt, for appellee. MINOR W. MILLWEE, Associate Justice. Appellant, Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc., owns a 10-acre tract of land in Pulaski County which lies immediately south of 8.5 acres belonging to appellees, E. H. White and Jesse A. White. E. H. White purchased the 8.5 acres in 1945 and subsequently sold two acres to his
178 CONSOLIDATED CHEM. IND., INC. V. WHITE. [227 brother and each built homes on their respective tracts. In 1951 appellant commenced strip mining operations for bauxite on its land and the first dirt removed was spread over the 10-acre tract. Later appellant built a high ramp or dump out of the dirt, lignite and other waste material from its mining operations along the north edge of its tract adjacent to appellees' lands. On July 29, 1955, appellees filed the instant action against appellant to recover damages to their lands which allegedly occurred within three years next before the filing of the complaint by reason of the maintenance of a nuisance in the construction of the ramp or stockpile of waste materials which caused the washing of ap-pellees' lands and the deposit of said waste materials upon and across said lands. Appellant's answer was a general denial and a plea that the action was barred by the three-year statute of limitations (Ark. Stats., Sec. 37-206). This appeal is from a verdict and judgment for E. II. White in the sum of $650 and for Jesse A. White in the sum of $275. Appellant first argues that the undisputed evidence established that the damage to appellees' lands was completed in the spring of 1952 and that their claims were consequently barred by the statute of limitations. The applicable rule which is based upon a distinction between structures which are and those which are not "necessarily injurious" is stated in the leading case of St. Louis I. M. & S. R. Co. v. Biggs, 52 Ark. 240, 12 S. W. 331,.6 L. R. A. 804, 20 Am. St. Rep. 174, as follows : "Whenever the nuisance is of a permanent character and its construction and continuance are necessarily an injury, the damage is original, and may be, at once, fully compensated. In such case the statute of limitations begins to run upon the construction of the nuisance. Ry. v. Morris, 35 Ark. 622; Ry. v. Chapman, 39 Ark. 463. But when such structure is permanent in its character, and its construction and continuance are not necessarily injurious, but may or may not be so, the injury to be compensated in a suit is only the damage which has happened ; and there may be as many successive recov-
ARK.] CONSOLIDATED CHEM. IND., INC. V. WHITE. 179 eries as there are successive injuries. In such case the statute of limitations begins to run from the happening of the injury complained of." See also, Chicago, R. I. & P. Ry. Co. v. Humphreys, 107 Ark. 330, 155 S. W. 127, and Daniels v. Batesville, 189 Ark. 1127, 76 S. W. 2d 309, and cases there cited. It is clear that the instant case falls within the second class mentioned above and that the statute begins to run from the happening of the injury complained of. On this issue appellees testified that the ramp and stockpile of waste materials were still under construction in August 1952 and that rains subsequent thereto washed their lands and otherwise damaged them by leaving heavy deposits of the waste material as far as 75 feet upon their lands, killing their trees and destroying the fertility of the whole tract. While Jesse A. White noticed some washing by the "winter rains" in 1952, each of the appellees stated that most of the damage occurred in 1953 and subsequently. While the testimony of ap-pellees was disputed to some extent by that offered by appellant, it was substantial and sufficient to support the jury's finding that the damages occurred within three years next before the filing of the complaint on July 29, 1955. On the whole case the evidence was sufficient to sustain the verdict and the trial court did not err in refusing to direct a verdict for the appellant. We also find no merit in appellant's contention that the verdict was excessive. A real estate agent familiar with the lands in question testified on direct examination that appellees' lands would be worth $11,000 except for the damages occasioned by appellant's construction and maintenance of the ramp which had reduced the value of the lands 40 per cent. While this estimate was rendered 'somewhat indefinite on cross-examination, the witness still concluded that the lands sustained a 25 percent reduction in value on account of the construction and maintenance of the ramp and his testimony was not contradicted by that of any other witness. Affirmed. CARLETON HARRIS, C. J., not participating.
You are being directed to the most recent version of the statute which may not be the version considered at the time of the judgment.